منابع مشابه
Propagation of ultra high energy cosmic rays
We briefly describe the energy loss processes of ultrahigh energy protons, heavier nuclei and gamma rays in interactions with the universal photon fields of the Universe. We then discuss the modification of the accelerated cosmic ray energy spectrum in propagation by the energy loss processes and the charged cosmic ray scattering in the extragalactic magnetic fields. The energy lost by the ultr...
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This paper suggests the application of advanced methods from Fourier Analysis in order to describe ultra-high frequent data in limit order books. Using Lomb’s normalized periodogram and Scargle’s Discrete Fourier Transforms to take account of the irregularity in spacing, the power spectra of different time series processes can be easily estimated, without immense computational effort caused by ...
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متن کاملUltra-high Energy Cosmic Ray Propagation in the Universe
This paper summarizes recent developments in the study of the propagation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray protons or nuclei in the Universe, with emphasis on the consequences of energy losses and on the influence of extra-galactic magnetic fields.
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Extragalactic cosmic ray protons with an injection spectrum of the typeE show a spectrum on earth with a dip due to the Bethe-Heitler pair production against the photons of the cosmic microwave background. The dip is produced in the energy region 10 − 4 × 10 eV with position and shape that reproduce with high accuracy the spectrum observed experimentally. This interpretation of the observed dat...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physics Today
سال: 1954
ISSN: 0031-9228,1945-0699
DOI: 10.1063/1.3061726